The Slope Calculator finds the slope, equation, intercepts, angle and distance of a line through two points, or finds points at a given distance along a slope.
Slope m = 1
| Slope (m) | 1 |
| Equation | y = 1x + 0 |
| y-intercept | 0 |
| x-intercept | 0 |
| Angle of incline θ | 45° |
| Distance | 1.414214 |
| Δx, Δy | 1, 1 |
| Point 1 (forward) | (5, 4) |
| Point 2 (backward) | (-3, -2) |
| Slope | 0.75 |
| Angle | 36.869898° |
Slope measures how steep a line is: the change in y divided by the change in x between two points, often called "rise over run". A positive slope rises from left to right, a negative slope falls, zero is horizontal and a vertical line has undefined slope.
m = (y₂ − y₁) ÷ (x₂ − x₁). Equation of the line: y = mx + b with b = y₁ − m x₁. Angle of incline θ = arctan(m). Distance d = √((x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²).
Worked example (defaults): (1, 1) and (2, 2) give m = 1, the line y = x, an angle of 45° and a distance of √2 ≈ 1.4142.
Road grades (a 6% grade rises 6 m per 100 m), roof pitch (rise per 12 inches of run), wheelchair ramps (1:12 maximum in many codes), ski runs and rates of change such as speed or cost per unit are all slopes.
Parallel lines have equal slopes. Perpendicular lines have slopes that multiply to −1, so a line perpendicular to slope 2 has slope −1/2.
What is slope as a percentage? m × 100%.
How do I convert an angle to slope? m = tan θ.
Why is a vertical slope undefined? Because the run is zero.